在长沙的日子/DaysInChangSha(三)
“听了这次演讲以后四五天，我决心参加黎元洪的革命军。我决定同其他几位朋友到汉口去，我们从同学那里筹到了一些钱。听说汉口的街道很湿，必须穿雨鞋，于是我到了一个驻扎在城外的军队里的朋友那里借鞋。我被防守的卫兵拦住了。那个地方显得非常紧张。士兵们第一次领到子弹，他们正蜂拥在街上。”
“Four of five days after hearing this speech I determined tojoin the revolutionary army of Li Yuan-hung. I decided to go toHankow with several other friends, and we collected some money fromour classmates. Having heard that the streets of Hankow were verywet, and that it was necessary to wear rain shoes, I went to borrowsome from a friend in th army, who was quartered outside the city.I was stoped by the garrison guards. T he place had become beryactive, the sloldiers had for the first time been furnished withbullets, and they wre pouring into the streets.”
“起义军当时正沿着粤汉路逼近长沙，战斗已经打响。在长沙成为外已经打了一个打仗。同时，城里面也发生起义，各个城门都被中国工人攻占了。我穿过一个城门，回到城里，进城后我就站在一个白色的旗子，上面写着‘汉’字。我回到学校，发现它已经由军队守卫了。”
“Rebels were approaching the city along the Canto=Hankowrailway,and fighting had begun. A big battle occurred outside thecity walls of Changsha. There was at the same time an insurrectionwithin the city, and the gates were stormed and taken by Chineselaboers. Through one of the gates I re-entered the city. Then Istood on a high place and watched the battle, until at last I sawthe Han flag rasied over the yamen. It was a white banner with thecharacter Han in it. I returned to my school, to find it undermilitary guard. ”
“On the following day, a tutu government wasorganized. Two prominent members of the Ke Lao Hui[Elder BrotherSociety] were made tutu and vice-tutu. These wereChiao Ta-feng and Chen Tso-hing, respectively. The new governmentwas established in the former buildings of the provincial advisoryitself was abolished. Among the Manchu documents found by therevolutionaries were some copies of a petition begging for theopening of parliament. The original had benn written in blood byHsu T'eh-li, who is now commisssioner of education in the SovietGovernment. Hsu had cut off the end of his finger, as a thatparliament be opened , I bid farewell[to hte provincial delegatesto Pedking] by cutting my finger.”
“新都督和副都督在职不久。他们不是坏人，而且有些革命要求。但他们很穷，代表被压迫者的利益，地主和商人都对他们不满，过了没有几天，我去拜访一个朋友的时候，看见了他们已经布尸街头。原来代表湖南地主和军阀的谭延闿组织了一次叛乱推翻了他们。”
“The new tutu and vice-tutu not last long .They were not badmen, and had some revolutionary intentions, but they were poor andrepresented the interests of the oppressed. The landlords andmerchants were dissatiffied with them. Not many days later, when Iwent to call on a friend, I saw their corpses lying in the street.T'an Yen-k'ai had organized a revolt against them, asrepresentative of the Hunan landlords and militarists.”
“这时，有许多学生投军。一支学生军已经组织起来，在这些学生里面有唐生智，我不喜欢这支学生军，我认为它的基础太复杂了，我决定参加正规军，为完成革命尽力。那时清帝还没有退位，还要经过一个时期的斗争。”
“Many students were now joining the army. A student army hadbeen organized and among these students was T'ang Sheng-chih. I didnot like the student army; Iconsidered the basis of it too confused. I decided to join theregular army instead, and help complete the revolution. The Ch'ingEmperor had not yet abdicated, and there was a period ofstruggle.”
“我的军饷是每月7元——不过，这比我现在在红军所得的要多了。在这7元之中，我每月伙食用去两元，我还得花钱买水。士兵用水必须到城外去挑，但我是一个学生，不屑挑水，只好向挑夫买水。剩下的饷银，我都用在订报纸上，贪读不厌。当时鼓吹革命的报纸中有《湘江日报》，里面讨论到社会主义，我就是从那里第一次知道社会主义这个名词的。我也同其他学生和士兵讨论社会主义，其实那是只是社会改良主义。我读了江亢虎写的一些关于社会主义以及原理的小册子，我热情地写信给几个同门同学，讨论这个问题，可是只有一位同学回信表示同意。”
“My salary was seven yuan a month——which is more than I get inthe Red Army now, however——and of this I spenttwo yuan a month on food. I also had to buy water. The soldiers hadto carry water in from outside the city, but I, being a student,could not condescend t o carrying ,and bought it from the waterpeddlers. The rest of my wages were spent on newspapers, of which Ibecame an avid reader. Among journals then dealing with therevolution wa the Hsiang Chiang Jih-pao. Socialism was discussed init, and in these columns I first learned the term. I also discussedsocialism, really social-reformism, with other students andsoldiers. I read some pamphlets written by Kiang K'ang-hu aboutsocialism and its priciples. I wrote enthusiastically to several ofmy classmates on this subject, but only one of them responded inagreement.”
“在我那个班里，有一个湖南矿工和一个铁匠，我非常喜欢他们。其余都是一些庸碌之辈，有一个还是流氓。我另外有劝说两个学生投了军，我同排长和大多数士兵也交上了朋友，因为我能写字，有些书本知识，他们敬佩我的‘大学问’。我可以帮助他们写信或诸如此类的事情。”
“There was a Hunan miner in my squad, and an ironsmith, whom Iliked very much. The rest were mediocre, and one was a rascal. Ipersuaded two more students to join the army, and came to be onfriendly terms with the platoon commander and most of the soldiers.I could help by writing letters for them or in other suchways.”
“革命这时还没有定局，清朝还没有完全放弃政权，而民国党内部却发生了争夺领导权的斗争，湖南有人说战事不可避免要再起。有好几支军队组织起来反对清朝，反对袁世凯。湘军就是其中之一。可是，正当湘军准备采取行动的时候，孙中山和袁世凯达成了和议，预定的战争取消了，南北‘统一’了，南京政府解散了。我以为革命已经结束，便退出军队，决定回到我的书本子上去，我一共当了半年兵。”
“The outcome of the revolution was not yet decided. The Ch'inghad not wholly given up power, and there was a a atruggle withinthe Kuomintang concerning the leadership. It was said in Hunan thatfurther war was inevitable. Several armies were organized againstthe Manchus and against Yuan Shih-K'ai. Among these was the Hunanarmy. But just as the Hunnan were preparing to move into action,Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shi-K'ai came to an agreement, the scheduledwar was called off, North and South were 'unified' and the NankingGovernment was dissolved. Thinking the revolution was over, Iresigned from the army and decided to return to my books. I hadbeen a soldier for half a year.”
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