在长沙的日子/DaysInChangSha(四)
“我那时住在湘乡会馆，许多士兵都住在那里，都是退伍或者被遣散的湘乡人，他们没有工作，也没有什么钱，住在会馆的学生和士兵经常吵架。一天晚上，他们之间的这种敌对爆发成为武斗了，士兵袭击学生，想要杀死他们，我躲到厕所里面去，知道殴斗结束以后才出来。”
“I was the living in a guild house for natives of Hsiang Hsiang district. Many soldiers were there also 'retired' or disbanded men from the district, who had no work to do and little money. Students and soldiers were alwasys quarreling in the guild house, and one night this hostility between then broke out in physical violence. The soldiers attacked and tried to kill the students. I escaped by fleeing to the toilet, where I hid until the fight was over.”
“那时候我没有钱，家里不肯供养我，除非我进学校读书。由于我在会馆里住不下去了，我开始寻找新的住处。同时，我也在认真思考自己的前途，我差不多已经作出结论，我最合适教书。我又开始留意广告了，这时候湖南师范学校的一则动听的广告，引起我的注意，我津津有味地读着它的优点：不收学费，食宿费低廉。有两个朋友在鼓励我考。他们需要我帮助他们准备入学考试的作文，我把我的打算写信告诉家里，结果得到他们的同意，我替那两位朋友写了作文，为自己写了一篇。三个人最后都被录取——因此，我实际上是考取了三次，那时候我并不认为我为朋友代笔是不道德的行为，这不过是朋友之间的义气。”
“I had no moneythen, my family refusing to support me unless I entered school, and since could no longer live in the guild house I began looking for a new place to lodge. Meanwhile, I had been thinking seriously of my 'career' and advertisements again. An attractive announcement of the Hunan Normal School now came to my attention, and I read with interest of its advantages: no tuition required, and cheap board and cheap lodging. Two of my friends were also urging me to enter. They wanted my help in preparing entrance essays. I wrote of my intention to my family and I received their consent. I composed essarys for my two friends, and wrote one of my own. All were accepted-in reality ,therefore, I was accepted three times. I did not then think my act of substituting for my friends an immoral one; it was merely a matter of friendship.”
“我在师范学校读了5年书，抵住了后来一切广告的引诱。最后，我居然得到毕业文凭，我在这里——湖南省立第一师范度过的生活中发生了很多事情，我的政治思想在这个时期开始形成。我也是在这里获得社会行动的初步经验。”
“I was a student in the normal school for five years， and managed to resist the appeals of all future advertising. Finally I actually got my degree. Incidents in my life here, in the Hunan Provincial First Normal [Teachers' Training] School, were many, and during this period my political ideas began to take shape. Here also I acquired my first experiences in social action. ”
“这所新学校有很多校规，我赞成的极少。例如，我反对自然科学列为必修课。我想专修社会科学，我对自然科学并不特别感兴趣，我没有好好去学，所以我多数这些课程我得到的分数很差，我尤其讨厌一门静物写生必修课。我认为这门课极端无聊。我往往想出最简单的东西来画，草草画完就离开教室。记得有一次我画了一条直线，上面加上半圆，表示‘半壁见海日’。又有一次，在图画考试，我画了一个椭圆形就算了事，说这是鸡蛋。结果图画课得了40分，不及格。幸亏我的社会科学各课得到的分数都很高，这样就扯平了其他课程的坏分数。”
“There were many regulations in the new school and I agreed with very few of them. For one thing, I was opposed to the required courses in natural science. I wanted to specialize in social sciences. Natural sciences did not especially interest of all I hated a compulsory course in still-life drawing. I thought it extremely stupid. I used to think of the simplest subjects possible to draw, finish up quickly and leave the class. I remember once, drawing a picture of the 'half-sun, half-rock' which I represented by a straight line with a semicircle over it. Another itme during an examination in drawing I contented myself with making anoval. I called it an egg. I got 40 in drawing, and failed. Fortunately my marks in social sciences were all excellent, and they balanced my poor grades in these other classes.”
“学校里有一个国文教员，学生给他起了‘袁大胡子’的绰号。他嘲笑我的作文，说它是新闻记者的手笔，他看不起我视为楷模的梁启超，认为他半通不通，我只得改变文风，我专研韩愈的文章，学会了古文文体，所以，幸亏袁大胡子，今天我在必要时仍然能够写出一篇过得去的文言文。”
“A Chinese teacher here, whom the studens nicknamed 'Yuan the Big Beard' ridiculed my writing and called it the work of a journalist. He despised Liang Chi-chao, who had been my model, and considered him half-literate. I was obliged to alter my style. I studied the writings of Han Yu, and mastered the old Classical phraseology. Thanks to Yuan the Big Beard, therefore, I can today still turn out a passable Classical essay if required.”
“给我印象最深的教员是杨昌济，他是从英国回来的留学生，后来我同他的生活有密切的关系。他教授伦理学， 是一个唯心主义者，一个道德高尚的人。他对自己的伦理学有强烈的信仰，努力鼓励学生立志做有益于社会的正大光明的人。我在他的影响之下，读了蔡元培翻译的一本伦理学的书。我收到这本书的启发，写了一篇题为《心之力》的文章。那时我是一个唯心主义者，杨昌济老师从他的唯心主义观点出发，高度赞赏我的那篇文章。他给我100分。”
“The teacher who made the strongest impression on me was YangChangji, a returned student from England, with whose life I was later to become intimately related. He taught ethics, he was an idealist and a man of high moral character. He believed in his ethics very strongly and tried to imbue his studentgs with the desire to become just, moral, virtuous men, useful in society. Under his influence I read a book on ethics translated by Ts'ai Yuan-pei and was inspired to write an essay which I entitled 'The Energy of the Mind.' I was then an idealist and my essay was highly praised by Professor Yang Changchi, from his idealist viewpoint. He gave me a mark of 100 for it.”
“一位姓唐的教员常常给我一些旧《民报》看，我读得很有兴趣。从那上面我知道了同盟会的活动和纲领，有一天我读到一份《民报》，上面刊载两个中国学生旅行全国的故事，他们一直走到西藏边境的打箭炉。这件事给我很大的鼓舞。我想效法他们的榜样，可是我没有钱，所以我想应当先在湖南旅行试一试。”
“A teacher named T'ang used to give me old copies of Min Pao[People's Journal] , and I read them with keen interest. I learned from them about the activities and program of the T'ung Meng Hui. One day I read a copy of the Min Pao containing a story about two Chinese students who were traveling across China and had reached Tatsienlu, on the edge of Tibet. This inspired me very much. I wanted to follow their example; but I had no money, and thought I should first try out traveling in Hunan.”
“第二年夏天，我开始在湖南徒步旅行，游历了5个县。一个名叫萧瑜的学生与我同行。我们走遍了这5个县，没有花一个铜板，农民们给我们吃的，给我们地方睡觉，所到之处，都受到款待和欢迎。和我一同旅行的萧瑜这个家伙，后来在南京易培基手下当国民党的官。易培基原始湖南师范的校长，后来成了南京的大官，他给萧瑜谋道北京故宫博物馆院管理的职位。萧瑜倒卖了博物馆里一些最珍贵的文物，于1934年卷款潜逃。”
“The next summer I set out across the province by foot, and journeyed through five counties. I was accompanied by a studnet named Hsiao Yu. We walked through these five counties without using a single copper. The peasants fed us and gave us a place to sleep; wherever we went we were kindly treated and wekcined, This fellow, Hsiao Yu, with whom I traveled, later became a Kuomintang official in Nanking ,under Yi Pei-ji, who was then president of Hunan Normal School. Yi Pei-chi became a high officialo at Nanking and had Hsiao Yu appointed to the office of custodian of the Peking Palace Museum. Hsiao sold some of the most valuable treasures in the museum and absconded with the funds in 1934.”
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